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간단한 CG 작업을하고 싶습니다. 6면에 텍스처가있는 skymap 큐브를 그립니다. 이미 튜토리얼을 많이 읽었지 만 텍스처에는 약간의 문제가 있습니다. 큐브의 6면은 모두 검은 색입니다 (그러나 조각 쉐이더에서 질감 (..)을 간단한 vec4 (1.0f, ...)로 바꾸면 벽이 색칠되어 무언가가 있어야합니다. 텍스처). 잘 작동OpenGL GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP 질감 없음/검정
VertexBufferObjectAttribs* SkyCube::generateSkyCubeVBO(const vec3 &mi, const vec3 &ma) {
vector<vec3> vertices;
vector<vec3> normals;
vector<vec2> textureUV;
// tofo liste mit texture koords
// 00 01
// 10 11
// 2d vec
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, ma.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, ma.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, ma.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, ma.y, mi.z));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 1.0f));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, mi.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, mi.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, mi.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, mi.y, ma.z));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 1.0f));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, mi.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, ma.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, ma.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, mi.y, mi.z));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 1.0f));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, mi.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, mi.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, ma.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, ma.y, ma.z));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 1.0f));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, mi.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, mi.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, ma.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(mi.x, ma.y, mi.z));
normals.push_back(vec3(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 1.0f));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, mi.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, ma.y, mi.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, ma.y, ma.z));
vertices.push_back(vec3(ma.x, mi.y, ma.z));
normals.push_back(vec3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
normals.push_back(vec3(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 0.0f));
textureUV.push_back(vec2(1.0f, 1.0f));
GLuint nrVertices = vertices.size();
VertexBufferObjectAttribs::DATA *attrData = new VertexBufferObjectAttribs::DATA[nrVertices];
for (GLuint i = 0; i < nrVertices; ++i) {
vec3 v = vertices[i];
vec3 n = normals[i];
vec2 t = textureUV[i];
attrData[i].vx = v.x;
attrData[i].vy = v.y;
attrData[i].vz = v.z;
attrData[i].vw = 1.0f;
attrData[i].nx = n.x;
attrData[i].ny = n.y;
attrData[i].nz = n.z;
attrData[i].nw = 0.0f;
attrData[i].tx = t.x;
attrData[i].ty = t.y;
attrData[i].tz = 0.0f;
attrData[i].tw = 0.0f;
}
VertexBufferObjectAttribs *vbo = new VertexBufferObjectAttribs();
vbo->setData(attrData, GL_STATIC_DRAW, nrVertices, GL_QUADS);
vbo->addAttrib(VERTEX_POSITION);
vbo->addAttrib(VERTEX_NORMAL);
vbo->addAttrib(VERTEX_COLOR);
vbo->addAttrib(VERTEX_TEXTURE);
vbo->bindAttribs();
delete[] attrData;
return vbo;
}
는, 모든 텍스처는 다음과 같습니다
가 generateSkyCubeVBO 방법은 기본적으로 모든 정점과 질감 정규화 된 좌표를 생성void SkyCube::init() {
mShader = new Shader("./Shader/skybox.vs", "./Shader/skybox.fs");
// from: https://www.opengl.org/wiki/Common_Mistakes#Creating_a_Cubemap_Texture
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP);
glGenTextures(1, &mTextureId);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, mTextureId);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_R, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_BASE_LEVEL, 0);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_MAX_LEVEL, 0);
// now load the textures from TGA files and make them available to OpenGL
TgaLoader * tgaLoader = new TgaLoader();
string texturefilenames[] = {"back", "front", "bottom", "top", "left", "right"};
int texturedefs[] = {GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X, GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_X,
GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_Y, GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_Y,
GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_Z, GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_Z};
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
tgaLoader->loadTga(mTextures[i], "data/skycube/" + texturefilenames[i] + ".tga");
glTexImage2D(texturedefs[i], 0, GL_RGB, mTextures[i].width, mTextures[i].height,
0, GL_BGR, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, mTextures[i].imageData);
}
delete tgaLoader;
mVboSkyCube = this->generateSkyCubeVBO(vec3(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f), vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP);
}
:
그래서, 여기에 내가 뭘하는지의 발췌 성공적으로로드되었습니다. 정점 셰이더 :
프래그먼트 쉐이더// OpenGL 3.3
#version 130
// following is probably not really needed
#define VERT_POSITION 0
#define VERT_NORMAL 1
#define VERT_COLOR 2
#define VERT_TEXTURE 3
uniform mat4x4 matModel;
uniform mat4x4 matView;
uniform mat4x4 matProjection;
attribute vec4 Position;
attribute vec4 Normal;
attribute vec4 Color;
attribute vec4 Texture;
out vec4 VertPosition;
out vec4 VertNormal;
out vec4 VertColor;
out vec4 VertTexture;
void main()
{
VertPosition = Position;
VertNormal = Normal;
VertColor = Color;
VertTexture = Texture;
gl_Position = matProjection * matView * matModel * vec4(Position.xyz, 1);
}
:
// OpenGL 3.3
#version 130
in vec4 VertPosition;
in vec4 VertNormal;
in vec4 VertColor;
in vec4 VertTexture; // Interpolated values from the vertex shaders, similar to the tutorial :-)
uniform vec3 lightPos;
uniform sampler2D skyBoxTextureSampler; // to know which texture to access, from the tutorial :-)
void main()
{
vec4 color = VertColor;
gl_FragColor = texture(skyBoxTextureSampler, VertTexture.xy); //vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.9f, 1.0f); //
}
있어서 렌더링 :
void VertexBufferObjectAttribs::render() {
GLint size = m_attribLocations.size();
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, m_bufferId);
for (GLint i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
GLint attribLoc = m_attribLocations[i];
glVertexAttribPointer(attribLoc, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof (DATA), ((GLchar*) NULL + 4 * sizeof (GLfloat) * i));
}
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
for (GLint i = 0; i < size; ++i)
glEnableVertexAttribArray(m_attribLocations[i]);
if (m_useIndexBuffer) {
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, m_indexBufferId);
if (m_dynamicRendering) {
glDrawElements(m_primitiveMode, m_nrDynamicIndices, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
} else {
glDrawElements(m_primitiveMode, m_nrIndices, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
}
} else {
if (m_dynamicRendering) {
glDrawArrays(m_primitiveMode, 0, m_nrDynamicVertices);
} else {
glDrawArrays(m_primitiveMode, 0, m_nrVertices);
}
}
for (GLint i = 0; i < size; ++i)
glDisableVertexAttribArray(m_attribLocations[i]);
}
void SkyCube::render(const Transform& trans) {
mat4 projection = trans.projection;
mat4 view = trans.view;
mat4 model = mat4::identitiy();
glPushAttrib(GL_ALL_ATTRIB_BITS);
glPushClientAttrib(GL_CLIENT_ALL_ATTRIB_BITS);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, mTextureId);
mShader->bind();
mShader->setMatrix("matProjection", projection, GL_TRUE);
mShader->setMatrix("matView", view, GL_TRUE);
// mShader->setMatrix("Texture")
model = mat4::scale(20.0f, 20.0f, 20.0f);
mShader->setMatrix("matModel", model, GL_TRUE);
// set the texture
mShader->seti("skyBoxTextureSampler", 0);
mVboSkyCube->render();
mShader->release();
glPopClientAttrib();
glPopAttrib();
}
다음은 VBO 객체의 메소드를 렌더링은 다음과 같다
이 코드를 자습서의 단계와 비교하면 누락되었거나 잘못된 순서로 표시되지 않습니다.
현재 Linux 버전이 1.3 만 지원하므로 최신 GLSL 버전을 사용할 수 없습니다.
'sampler2D'를 사용하여 큐브 맵을 샘플링하지 않고'samplerCube'와 검색 할 방향을 나타내는 3D 텍스처 좌표를 사용합니다. 현재 2D 좌표로 무엇을하려고하는지 잘 모르겠습니다. –
오! 고마워요! 프래그먼트 쉐이더를 변경했는데 이제는 효과가 있습니다. (텍스처는 여전히 왜곡되어 있지만, 직접 풀어 볼 것입니다.) – pedjjj
여기서 작동하는 프래그먼트 셰이더는 다음과 같습니다. '#version 130 in vec4 VertPosition; vec4 VertNormal의 ; vec4 VertColor의 ; vec4 VertTexture의 ; // 튜토리얼과 유사한 버텍스 쉐이더의 보간 된 값 :-) uniform vec3 lightPos; uniform samplerCube skyBoxTextureSampler; // 튜토리얼에서 접근 할 텍스처를 알기 위해 :-) void main() { vec4 color = VertColor; gl_FragColor = 텍스처 (skyBoxTextureSampler, VertTexture.xyz); // 텍스처 vec2 (0.8f, 0.2f)가 생성되기 때문에 텍스처 자체가로드되지 않은 것처럼 보임 // \t // vec4 (1.0f, 1.0f, 0.9f, 1.0f); // }' – pedjjj