python3 manage.py 이주 예외

Question

나는 django 1.7 및 python3을 처음 사용합니다. 나는 OSX를 사용하고있다. 나는 온라인 장고 1.7 문서를 다음되면서,

나는

python3 manage.py migrate 

을 시도하고 나는 그것을 의미하고 나는 그것이 옳지 않다 확신 모르는

Operations to perform: 
Apply all migrations: auth, contenttypes, sessions, admin 
Running migrations: 
No migrations to apply. 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py", line 44, in get_for_model 
ct = self._get_from_cache(opts) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py", line 34, in _get_from_cache 
return self.__class__._cache[self.db][key] 
KeyError: 'default' 

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute 
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 128, in execute 
return self.cursor.execute(query, args) 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 184, in execute 
self.errorhandler(self, exc, value) 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 37, in defaulterrorhandler 
raise errorvalue 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 171, in execute 
r = self._query(query) 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 330, in _query 
rowcount = self._do_query(q) 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 294, in _do_query 
db.query(q) 
_mysql_exceptions.ProgrammingError: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '%s AND `django_content_type`.`model` = %s) LIMIT 21' at line 1") 

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py", line 50, in get_for_model 
defaults={'name': smart_text(opts.verbose_name_raw)}, 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 92, in manager_method 
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 422, in get_or_create 
    return self.get(**lookup), False 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 351, in get 
num = len(clone) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 122, in __len__ 
self._fetch_all() 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 966, in _fetch_all 
self._result_cache = list(self.iterator()) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 265, in iterator 
for row in compiler.results_iter(): 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 700, in results_iter 
for rows in self.execute_sql(MULTI): 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 786, in execute_sql 
cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 81, in execute 
return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute 
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__ 
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 549, in reraise 
raise value.with_traceback(tb) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute 
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 128, in execute 
return self.cursor.execute(query, args) 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 184, in execute 
self.errorhandler(self, exc, value) 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 37, in defaulterrorhandler 
raise errorvalue 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 171, in execute 
r = self._query(query) 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 330, in _query 
rowcount = self._do_query(q) 
    File "/Users/NAME/Library/Python/3.4/lib/python/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 294, in _do_query 
    db.query(q) 
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '%s AND `django_content_type`.`model` = %s) LIMIT 21' at line 1") 

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "manage.py", line 10, in <module> 
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 385, in execute_from_command_line 
utility.execute() 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 377, in execute 
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv 
self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 338, in execute 
output = self.handle(*args, **options) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 164, in handle 
emit_post_migrate_signal(created_models, self.verbosity, self.interactive, connection.alias) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/sql.py", line 268, in emit_post_migrate_signal 
using=db) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py", line 198, in send 
response = receiver(signal=self, sender=sender, **named) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/management/__init__.py", line 83, in create_permissions 
ctype = ContentType.objects.db_manager(using).get_for_model(klass) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py", line 58, in get_for_model 
" is migrated before trying to migrate apps individually." 
RuntimeError: Error creating new content types. Please make sure contenttypes is migrated before trying to migrate apps individually.` 

을 초래. 이전이 성공적입니까? 도와주세요. 여기

감사

내 /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py

from __future__ import unicode_literals 

from django.apps import apps 
from django.db import models 
from django.db.utils import OperationalError, ProgrammingError 
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ 
from django.utils.encoding import smart_text, force_text 
from django.utils.encoding import python_2_unicode_compatible 


class ContentTypeManager(models.Manager): 

    # Cache to avoid re-looking up ContentType objects all over the place. 
    # This cache is shared by all the get_for_* methods. 
    _cache = {} 

    def get_by_natural_key(self, app_label, model): 
     try: 
      ct = self.__class__._cache[self.db][(app_label, model)] 
     except KeyError: 
      ct = self.get(app_label=app_label, model=model) 
      self._add_to_cache(self.db, ct) 
     return ct 

    def _get_opts(self, model, for_concrete_model): 
     if for_concrete_model: 
      model = model._meta.concrete_model 
     elif model._deferred: 
      model = model._meta.proxy_for_model 
     return model._meta 

    def _get_from_cache(self, opts): 
     key = (opts.app_label, opts.model_name) 
     return self.__class__._cache[self.db][key] 

    def get_for_model(self, model, for_concrete_model=True): 
     """ 
     Returns the ContentType object for a given model, creating the 
     ContentType if necessary. Lookups are cached so that subsequent lookups 
     for the same model don't hit the database. 
     """ 
     opts = self._get_opts(model, for_concrete_model) 
     try: 
      ct = self._get_from_cache(opts) 
     except KeyError: 
      try: 
       ct, created = self.get_or_create(
        app_label=opts.app_label, 
        model=opts.model_name, 
        defaults={'name': smart_text(opts.verbose_name_raw)}, 
       ) 
      except (OperationalError, ProgrammingError): 
       # It's possible to migrate a single app before contenttypes, 
       # as it's not a required initial dependency (it's contrib!) 
       # Have a nice error for this. 
       raise RuntimeError(
        "Error creating new content types. Please make sure contenttypes" + 
        " is migrated before trying to migrate apps individually." 
       ) 
      self._add_to_cache(self.db, ct) 

     return ct 

    def get_for_models(self, *models, **kwargs): 
     """ 
     Given *models, returns a dictionary mapping {model: content_type}. 
     """ 
     for_concrete_models = kwargs.pop('for_concrete_models', True) 
     # Final results 
     results = {} 
     # models that aren't already in the cache 
     needed_app_labels = set() 
     needed_models = set() 
     needed_opts = set() 
     for model in models: 
      opts = self._get_opts(model, for_concrete_models) 
      try: 
       ct = self._get_from_cache(opts) 
      except KeyError: 
       needed_app_labels.add(opts.app_label) 
       needed_models.add(opts.model_name) 
       needed_opts.add(opts) 
      else: 
       results[model] = ct 
     if needed_opts: 
      cts = self.filter(
       app_label__in=needed_app_labels, 
       model__in=needed_models 
      ) 
      for ct in cts: 
       model = ct.model_class() 
       if model._meta in needed_opts: 
        results[model] = ct 
        needed_opts.remove(model._meta) 
       self._add_to_cache(self.db, ct) 
     for opts in needed_opts: 
      # These weren't in the cache, or the DB, create them. 
      ct = self.create(
       app_label=opts.app_label, 
       model=opts.model_name, 
       name=smart_text(opts.verbose_name_raw), 
      ) 
      self._add_to_cache(self.db, ct) 
      results[ct.model_class()] = ct 
     return results 

    def get_for_id(self, id): 
     """ 
     Lookup a ContentType by ID. Uses the same shared cache as get_for_model 
     (though ContentTypes are obviously not created on-the-fly by get_by_id). 
     """ 
     try: 
      ct = self.__class__._cache[self.db][id] 
     except KeyError: 
      # This could raise a DoesNotExist; that's correct behavior and will 
      # make sure that only correct ctypes get stored in the cache dict. 
      ct = self.get(pk=id) 
      self._add_to_cache(self.db, ct) 
     return ct 

    def clear_cache(self): 
     """ 
     Clear out the content-type cache. This needs to happen during database 
     flushes to prevent caching of "stale" content type IDs (see 
     django.contrib.contenttypes.management.update_contenttypes for where 
     this gets called). 
     """ 
     self.__class__._cache.clear() 

    def _add_to_cache(self, using, ct): 
     """Insert a ContentType into the cache.""" 
     # Note it's possible for ContentType objects to be stale; model_class() will return None. 
     # Hence, there is no reliance on model._meta.app_label here, just using the model fields instead. 
     key = (ct.app_label, ct.model) 
     self.__class__._cache.setdefault(using, {})[key] = ct 
     self.__class__._cache.setdefault(using, {})[ct.id] = ct 


@python_2_unicode_compatible 
class ContentType(models.Model): 
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100) 
    app_label = models.CharField(max_length=100) 
    model = models.CharField(_('python model class name'), max_length=100) 
    objects = ContentTypeManager() 

    class Meta: 
     verbose_name = _('content type') 
     verbose_name_plural = _('content types') 
     db_table = 'django_content_type' 
     ordering = ('name',) 
     unique_together = (('app_label', 'model'),) 

    def __str__(self): 
     # self.name is deprecated in favor of using model's verbose_name, which 
     # can be translated. Formal deprecation is delayed until we have DB 
     # migration to be able to remove the field from the database along with 
     # the attribute. 
     # 
     # We return self.name only when users have changed its value from the 
     # initial verbose_name_raw and might rely on it. 
     model = self.model_class() 
     if not model or self.name != model._meta.verbose_name_raw: 
      return self.name 
     else: 
      return force_text(model._meta.verbose_name) 

    def model_class(self): 
     "Returns the Python model class for this type of content." 
     try: 
      return apps.get_model(self.app_label, self.model) 
     except LookupError: 
      return None 

    def get_object_for_this_type(self, **kwargs): 
     """ 
     Returns an object of this type for the keyword arguments given. 
     Basically, this is a proxy around this object_type's get_object() model 
     method. The ObjectNotExist exception, if thrown, will not be caught, 
     so code that calls this method should catch it. 
     """ 
     return self.model_class()._base_manager.using(self._state.db).get(**kwargs) 

    def get_all_objects_for_this_type(self, **kwargs): 
     """ 
     Returns all objects of this type for the keyword arguments given. 
     """ 
     return self.model_class()._base_manager.using(self._state.db).filter(**kwargs) 

    def natural_key(self): 
     return (self.app_label, self.model) 

Answer 1

나는 MySQL의에 의존 믿습니다. postgresql로 전환하면 모든 것이 해결됩니다. mysql을 가진 파이썬의 커넥터가 파이썬 3.3에 불과하다는 것을 알았고 python3.4를 사용하고 있습니다. 그건 아마 이유와 나는 mysql과 파이썬 3.4 커넥터를 찾을 수 없습니다.

Answer 2

이다 나는 가정 의존성에 몇 가지 문제가있을 수 있습니다. 대신 실행의

:와

python3 manage.py migrate 

시도 : 문제가 해결되지 않을 경우

python manage.py makemigrations yourapp 
python manage.py migrate 

과 함께 이동 :

python manage.py syncdb --all