C 구조체를 C++ 클래스로 변환

Question

어제 모두 가족들과 즐거운 시간을 보내길 바랍니다! 시내에있는 가족을 방문하는 동안 곧 마감일이 오는 일부 프로젝트를 시작하겠다고 생각했습니다. 그 중 하나는 C로 작성된 코드를 변환하고 구조체의 배열을 사용하여 데이터를 저장 및 수정하고 C++로 변환하는 것입니다. 객체의 배열을 사용하는 코드. 최근에 나는 C 프로그래밍 문법에 익숙해졌지만, 이것은 C++의 저의 첫 프로젝트입니다. 나는 클래스가 구조체와 매우 흡사하다는 것을 알고 있지만 액세스 지정자의 개념은 물론 구문에 대해서 혼란 스럽다. 아래는 원래의 C 코드와 변경 목록입니다. 이런 종류의 작업을위한 훌륭한 소스/튜토리얼을 비롯하여 시작하는 방법에 대한 제안은 크게 감사하겠습니다. 미리 검토해 주셔서 감사합니다!

수선 :

1. 선언 비공개로 클래스의 모든 데이터;
2. 은 프로그램에 필요한 모든 기능 (예 : )을 제공하는 메서드 (클래스 함수)를 제공합니다. 특히, 클래스 에 대한 생성자 메서드를 선언하십시오.
3. 프로그램에 필요한 메소드 외에도 클래스의 각 개인 데이터 멤버에 대해 액세스 (\ get ") 및 mutator (\ set") 함수를 작성하십시오.

내 코드 :

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <conio.h> 
#include <string.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 

//Function Prototypes 
void insertFirstName(struct structureName[], char[], int); 
void insertLastName(struct structureName[], char[], int); 
void insertHomeNumber(struct structureName[], char[], int); 
void insertCellNumber(struct structureName[], char[], int); 
void printPhoneBook(struct structureName[], int); 
int deleteFriend(struct structureName[], char[], int); 
void showFriend(struct structureName[], char[], int); 
void saveFile(FILE*, struct structureName[], int); 
int loadFile(FILE*, struct structureName[]); 

//Structure Declaration 
typedef struct structureName{ 
    char *fName; //member for First Name 
    char *lName; //member for Last Name 
    char *hPhone; //member for Home Phone 
    char *cPhone; //member for Cell Phone 
} pbFriend; 

int main(){ 

    int x = 0; 
    int flag = 0; //returned in delete function to account for empty phonebook 
    int entryCount = 0;//variable for count of entries 
    int menuChoice = 0; //variable for switch statement 
    int count = 0; //counter keeps track of entry numbers 
    char name[100] = {'\0'}; //place holder for entries 
    pbFriend phoneBook[1000] = {'\0'}; //create instance 
    char fileSave = '\0'; //variable for selection on file save query 
    char fileLoad = '\0'; //variable for selection on file load query 
    FILE *pbData; //file pointer 

    do{ 
     //load file to phone book query 
     printf("Welcome! Would you like to load a file into the phonebook? (y/n): "); 
     scanf("%c",&fileLoad); 
     getchar(); 

     if(fileLoad=='y'||fileLoad=='Y'){ 
     count = loadFile(pbData,phoneBook); 
     printf("Success! File loaded!\n"); 
     entryCount = count; 
     } //end if 

     else{ 
     if(fileLoad!='n'&&fileLoad!='N'){ 
      printf("Invalid selection.\n"); 
     } //end if 
     } //end else 
    }while(fileLoad!='y'&&fileLoad!='Y'&&fileLoad!='n'&&fileLoad!='N'); //end do while 

    do{ 
     //display menu     
     printf("\nPhone Book Application\n"); 
     printf("1) Add friend\n"); 
     printf("2) Delete friend\n"); 
     printf("3) Show a friend\n"); 
     printf("4) Show phone book\n"); 
     printf("5) Quit\n"); 
     printf("What do you want to do?: "); 
     scanf("%d",&menuChoice); 
     getchar(); 
     switch(menuChoice){ 

     case 1: //add friend case 
     printf("\nFirst name: "); //insert first name 
     scanf("%s",name); 
     getchar(); 
     //allocate memory 
     phoneBook[count].fName = (char*)malloc(100*sizeof(char)); 

     //memory failed to allocate 
     if(phoneBook[count].fName == NULL){ 
      printf("ERROR! Out of memory!"); 
     }//end if 

     //memory allocated 
     else{ 
      insertFirstName(phoneBook, name, count); 
     }//end else 

     printf("Last name: "); //insert last name 
     scanf("%s",name); 
     getchar(); 

     //allocate memory 
     phoneBook[count].lName = (char*)malloc(100*sizeof(char)); 

     //memory failed to allocate 
     if(phoneBook[count].lName == NULL){ 
      printf("ERROR! Out of memory!"); 
     }//end if 

     //memory allocated 
     else{ 
      insertLastName(phoneBook, name, count); 
     }//end else 

     printf("Phone number (home): "); //insert home number 
     scanf("%s",name); 
     getchar(); 

     //allocate memory 
     phoneBook[count].hPhone = (char*)malloc(100*sizeof(char)); 

     //memory failed to allocate 
     if(phoneBook[count].hPhone == NULL){ 
      printf("ERROR! Out of memory!"); 
     }//end if 


     //memory allocated 
     else{ 
      insertHomeNumber(phoneBook, name, count); 
     }//end else 

     printf("Phone number (cell): "); //insert cell number 
     scanf("%s",name); 
     getchar(); 

     //allocate memory 
     phoneBook[count].cPhone = (char*)malloc(100*sizeof(char)); 

     //memory failed to allocate 
     if(phoneBook[count].cPhone == NULL){ 
      printf("ERROR! Out of memory!"); 
     }//end if 

     //memory allocated 
     else{ 
      insertCellNumber(phoneBook, name, count); 
     }//end else 

     printf("Entry added to phone book!\n"); 
     printf("\n"); 
     count++; 
     entryCount++; 
     break; 

     case 2: //delete friend case 
     printf("\nPlease provide a last name for entry deletion: "); 
     scanf("%s",&name); 
     getchar(); 
     strcat(name," "); //white space for string values 
     flag = deleteFriend(phoneBook, name, count); 

     //successful deletion 
     if(flag == 1){ 
      printf("The entry has been deleted from the phonebook.\n"); 
      entryCount--; 
     }//end if 

     //no deletion 
     else{ 
      printf("No deletion has been made.\n"); 
     } 
     printf("\n"); 
     break; 

     case 3: //show friend case 
     printf("\n"); 
     printf("Please provide a last name: "); 
     scanf("%s",&name); 
     getchar(); 
     strcat(name," "); 
     showFriend(phoneBook, name, count); 
     printf("\n"); 
     break; 

     case 4: //show phone book case 
     printf("\n"); 
     //empty phonebook 
     if(entryCount == 0){ 
      printf("The phonebook is empty.\n"); 
     }//end if 
     else{ 
      printPhoneBook(phoneBook, count); 
     }//end else 
     printf("\n"); 
     break; 

     case 5: //quit case 
     do{ 
      printf("\nWould you like to save the phonebook to a file? (y/n): "); 
      scanf("%c",&fileSave); 
      getchar(); 

      switch(fileSave){ 
      case 'y': case 'Y': //save case 
       saveFile(pbData,phoneBook,count); 
       printf("Success! File saved!"); 
       break;  

      case 'n': case 'N': //exit without saving case 
       printf("Good bye!\n"); 
       break; 

      default: //invalid case 
       printf("Invalid selection.\n"); 
       break; 
      } //end switch 
     }while(fileSave!='y'&&fileSave!='Y'&&fileSave!='n'&&fileSave!='N'); //end do while 
     break; 

     default: //invalid case 
     printf("Invalid menu choice.\n\n"); 
     break; 
     }//end switch statement 
    }while(menuChoice != 5); //end do while loop 

    getch(); 
    return 0; 
}//end main 

//Function Definitions 
//function to insert first name 
void insertFirstName(pbFriend phoneBook[], char name[], int count){ 
    strcpy(phoneBook[count].fName, name); 
    strcat(phoneBook[count].fName," "); 
} 

//function to insert last name 
void insertLastName(pbFriend phoneBook[], char name[], int count){ 
    strcpy(phoneBook[count].lName, name); 
    strcat(phoneBook[count].lName," "); 
} 

//function to insert home phone number 
void insertHomeNumber(pbFriend phoneBook[], char name[], int count){ 
    strcpy(phoneBook[count].hPhone, name); 
    strcat(phoneBook[count].hPhone," "); 
} 

//function to insert cell phone number 
void insertCellNumber(pbFriend phoneBook[], char name[], int count){ 
    strcpy(phoneBook[count].cPhone, name); 
    strcat(phoneBook[count].cPhone," "); 
} 

//function to delete entry 
int deleteFriend(pbFriend phoneBook[], char name[], int count){ 
    int x; 
    int foundFlag = 0; //foundFlag for seeing if query is in structure 
    char nullStr[30] = {'\0'}; //NULL string 
    char name2[30] = {'\0'}; //string to store first name query 
    //get first name to prevent multiple deletions due to same last name 
    printf("Please provide the first name of the entry to be deleted: "); 
    scanf("%s", &name2); 
    getchar(); 
    strcat(name2," "); 
    for(x=0;x<count;x++){ 
     if((strcmp(phoneBook[x].lName,name)==0)&&(strcmp(phoneBook[x].fName,name2)==0)){ 
     foundFlag = 1; //entry found, proceed with delete 
     //free previously allocated memory 
     free(phoneBook[x].fName); 
     free(phoneBook[x].lName); 
     free(phoneBook[x].hPhone); 
     free(phoneBook[x].cPhone); 
     //set free strings to NULL 
     strcpy((phoneBook[x].fName), nullStr); 
     strcpy((phoneBook[x].lName), nullStr); 
     strcpy((phoneBook[x].hPhone), nullStr); 
     strcpy((phoneBook[x].cPhone), nullStr); 
     }//end if 
    }//end for 
    //entry not found 
    if(foundFlag == 0){ 
     printf("\nSorry, there is nobody with that name in the phone book.\n"); 
    }//end if 
    return foundFlag; 
}//end function 

//function to search entries by last name 
void showFriend(pbFriend phoneBook[], char name[], int count){ 
    int x; 
    int foundFlag = 0; //foundFlag for seeing if query is in structure 
    printf("\n"); 
    for(x=0;x<count;x++){ 
     if(strcmp((phoneBook[x].lName), name) == 0){ 
     foundFlag = 1; //entry found, proceed with display 
     printf("%s",phoneBook[x].fName); 
     printf("%s",phoneBook[x].lName); 
     printf("%s(home) ",phoneBook[x].hPhone); 
     printf("%s(cell)",phoneBook[x].cPhone); 
     printf("\n"); 
     }//end if 
    }//end for 
    //entry not found 
    if(foundFlag == 0){ 
     printf("Sorry, there is nobody with that name in the phone book.\n"); 
    }//end if        
}//end function 

//function to print phone book contents 
void printPhoneBook(pbFriend phoneBook[], int count){ 
    int x; 
    for(x=0;x<count;x++){ 
     //check to avoid NULL strings, which have been deleted 
     if(strlen(phoneBook[x].fName) > 0){ 
     printf("%s", phoneBook[x].fName); 
     printf("%s", phoneBook[x].lName); 
     printf("%s(home) ", phoneBook[x].hPhone); 
     printf("%s(cell)", phoneBook[x].cPhone); 
     printf("\n"); 
     }//end if 
    }//end for 
}//end function 

//function to save to a file 
void saveFile(FILE *pbData, pbFriend phoneBook[], int count){ 
    char fileName[100] = {'\0'}; //string to store desired name to save file as 
    int x = 0; //counter variable 
    printf("Please enter the file name: "); 
    scanf("%s",fileName); 
    getchar(); 
    //open file 
    pbData = fopen(fileName,"w"); 
    //file open fail case 
    if(pbData == NULL){ 
     printf("ERROR! File not saved!\n"); 
     perror("The following error occurred"); //specifies i/o error 
     getchar(); 
     exit(EXIT_FAILURE); //exit program with error 
    } //end if 
    //file open success case 
    else{ 
     //write to file 
     for(x=0;x<count;x++){ 
     fprintf(pbData, "%s", phoneBook[x].fName); 
     fprintf(pbData, "%s", phoneBook[x].lName); 
     fprintf(pbData, "%s", phoneBook[x].hPhone); 
     fprintf(pbData, "%s", phoneBook[x].cPhone); 
     } //end for 
     fclose(pbData); 
    } //end else 
}// end function 

//function to load a file into the phone book 
int loadFile(FILE *pbData, pbFriend phoneBook[]){ 
    char fileName[100] = {'\0'}; //variable to store name of file to load 
    int count = 0; //counter variable 
    char tabulaRasa[30] = {'\0'}; /*NULL string to clear garbage data from the 
           last loop of the feof() condition when loading 
           files*/ 
    printf("Please enter the name of the file you wish to load: "); 
    scanf("%s",fileName); 
    getchar(); 
    //open file 
    pbData = fopen(fileName,"r"); 
    //file open fail case 
    if(pbData == NULL){ 
     printf("ERROR! Unable to load file!\n"); 
     perror("The following error occurred"); //specifies i/o error 
     getchar(); 
     exit(EXIT_FAILURE); //exit program with error 
    } //end nested if 
    //file open success case 
    else{ 
     //allocate memory to store data from a file 
     while(!feof(pbData)){ 
     phoneBook[count].fName = (char*)malloc(100*sizeof(char)); 
     if(phoneBook[count].fName == NULL){ 
      printf("ERROR! Out of memory!"); 
     } //end double nested if 
     phoneBook[count].lName = (char*)malloc(100*sizeof(char)); 
     if(phoneBook[count].lName == NULL){ 
      printf("ERROR! Out of memory!"); 
     } //end double nested if 
     phoneBook[count].hPhone = (char*)malloc(100*sizeof(char)); 
     if(phoneBook[count].hPhone == NULL){ 
      printf("ERROR! Out of memory!"); 
     } //end double nested if 
     phoneBook[count].cPhone = (char*)malloc(100*sizeof(char)); 
     if(phoneBook[count].cPhone == NULL){ 
      printf("ERROR! Out of memory!"); 
     } //end double nested if 
     //load from file 
     fscanf(pbData,"%s",phoneBook[count].fName); 
     strcat(phoneBook[count].fName," "); 
     fscanf(pbData,"%s",phoneBook[count].lName);       
     strcat(phoneBook[count].lName," "); 
     fscanf(pbData,"%s",phoneBook[count].hPhone); 
     strcat(phoneBook[count].hPhone," "); 
     fscanf(pbData,"%s",phoneBook[count].cPhone); 
     strcat(phoneBook[count].cPhone," "); 
     count++; //show that entry/entries have been made from file 
     }//end while loop 
     //free memory of last entry (junk data from feof() condition) 
     free(phoneBook[count-1].fName); 
     free(phoneBook[count-1].lName); 
     free(phoneBook[count-1].hPhone); 
     free(phoneBook[count-1].cPhone); 
     //set newly free strings to NULL 
     strcpy((phoneBook[count-1].fName), tabulaRasa); 
     strcpy((phoneBook[count-1].lName), tabulaRasa); 
     strcpy((phoneBook[count-1].hPhone), tabulaRasa); 
     strcpy((phoneBook[count-1].cPhone), tabulaRasa); 
     count--; 
    } //end nested else 
    fclose(pbData); 
    return(count); //show that phone book is not empty 
} //end if 

Answer 1

화려한 방법은 손에서 작업을 시작하기는 C++ Getting Started 페이지에서 일부 항목을 살펴하는 것입니다.