Python Tkinter에서 윈도우 업데이트

Question

우선 여기에 프로그램의 배경이 있습니다.

나는 OOP와 GUI 개발을 통해 자신의 길을 찾고있다. 아래의 코드는 훌륭하지 않지만 GUI 및 OOP에서의 첫 번째 시도라는 것을 알고 있습니다.

내가 원하는 것을하고있다. (모두 매우 비효율적 일 수있다.)하지만 나는 플레이어에게 제공하는 정보에 문제가있다.

플레이어가 게임을 진행하면서 프로그램에서 수행해야 할 작업에 대해 묻습니다. 필자는 레이블과 기능 및 텍스트 위젯이없는 버튼으로이 작업을 시도했습니다 (이것은 완전한 실패였습니다).

영토를 객체로 생성 한 다음이를 사용하여 GUI 보드에 불을 붙일 수있는 프로그램을 얻을 수 있습니다. 그런 다음 사용자가 시작 영토를 선택하고 군대를 추가하도록 허용 할 수 있습니다. 나는 사용자가 공격 할 곳과 공격 할 곳을 선택할 수있는 섹션을 만드는 과정에 있습니다. 이 모든 것이 작동하고 있습니다 (패션으로).

그러나 내 질문은 ... 단추를 통해 기능을 통해 업데이트 할 때 여전히 이전 값을 표시합니다. 이 방법을 멈추고 최신 메시지를 표시하거나 매번 새로운 단추를 만드는 방법이 있습니까?

from tkinter import * 
import random 

class territory: 
    def __init__ (self, country, player = 0, current_armies = 0, x=0, y=0, pos=0, neighbours=""): 
     self.country = country 
     self.current_armies = current_armies 
     self.player = player 
     self.y = y 
     self.x = x 
     self.pos = pos 
     self.neighbours = neighbours 


    def get_armies(self): 
     print(self.country + " has " + str(self.current_armies)+ " armies.") 

    def add_armies (self, armies): 
     self.current_armies += armies 

    def roll_dice (self, dice=1): 
     rolls = [] 
     for i in range(0, dice): 
      rolls.append(random.randint(1,6)) 
     rolls.sort() 
     rolls.reverse() 
     print (self.country + " has rolled " + str(rolls)) 
     return rolls 

    def owner(self): 
     print (self.country + " is owned by " + self.player) 

    def get_country(self): 
     print(country) 

def create_territories(): 
    countries = ["UK", "FRA", "SPA", "GER"] 
    terr_pos = [[0,1],[1,1],[1,2],[2,0]] 
    sta_arm = [1,1,1,1] 
    pos = [0,1,2,3] 
    neighb = [["FRA","SPA"],["UK","SPA","GER"],["FRA"],["FRA"]] 
    terr = [] 
    for i in range(len(countries)):  
     terr.append(territory(countries[i],0, sta_arm [i] , 
           terr_pos[i][0],terr_pos[i][1], pos[i], neighb[i]))  
    return terr 

## Button Commands 
def claim_t(territory, i): 
    global player1_reserves, player2_reserves, cur_player, claimed, title 

    if territory[i].player == 0: 
     territory[i].player = cur_player 
     claimed += 1 

     if cur_player == 1: 
      cur_player = 2 
     else: 
      cur_player = 1 
    else: 
     print("Teritory already claimed. Choose again") 
    if claimed == len(territory): 
     title = "Add Armies" 
     message = ("player " + str(cur_player) + " add army to one of your territories.") 
     army_board (territory) 
    else: 
     claim_board(territory) 

def add_army (territories, i): 
    global player1_reserves, player2_reserves, cur_player, title 


    if territories[i].player == cur_player: 

     if cur_player == 1: 
      if player1_reserves >0: 
       territories[i].current_armies += 1 
       player1_reserves -= 1 
       print(player1_reserves) 
       cur_player = 2 
      else: 
       print("You have no reserves left") 
       cur_player = 2 
     else: 
      if player2_reserves >0: 
       territories[i].current_armies += 1 
       player2_reserves -= 1 
       print(player2_reserves) 
       cur_player = 1 
      else: 
       print("You have no reserves left") 
       cur_player = 1 
     army_board (territories) 
    else: 
     print("Not your territory") 
    if player1_reserves == 0 and player2_reserves == 0: 
     cur_player = 1 
     play_board(territories) 
    else: 
     print ("Player " + str(cur_player) + 
       " add army to one of your territories.") 


def run_game (territories, i): 
    global attacker, defender, cur_player, attack_defend, message 
    if attack_defend == "attack": 
     attacker = i 

     message = str(cur_player) + " has chosen to attack from " +territories[i].country + ". Choose target country." 

     attack_defend = "defend" 

     play_board (territories) 
    else: 
     if territories[i].country in territories[attacker].neighbours: 
      message = "Valid Attack" 
      defender = i 
      attack_defend = "attack" 
      play_board(territories) 
     else: 
      message = "You can't attack " + territories[i].country + " from " + territories[attacker].country + " Choose again" 
      play_board(territories) 



## Board Builders 
def claim_board(territories): 
    global cur_player 
    buttonUk = Button(text = territories[0].country + " p= " + 
         str(territories[0].player), width = 10, 
         command=lambda: claim_t(territories, 0), 
         fg = "red").grid(row=territories[0].y,column=territories[0].x) 

    buttonFRA = Button(text = territories[1].country + " p= " + 
         str(territories[1].player), width = 10, 
         command=lambda: claim_t(territories, 1)).grid(row=territories[1].y,column=territories[1].x) 

    buttonSpa = Button(text = territories[2].country + " p= " + 
         str(territories[2].player), 
         width = 10, command=lambda: claim_t(territories, 2)).grid(row=territories[2].y,column=territories[2].x) 

    buttonGER = Button(text = territories[3].country + " p= " + 
         str(territories[3].player), width = 10, 
         command=lambda: claim_t(territories, 3)).grid(row=territories[3].y,column=territories[3].x) 

    label = Label (text = "Claim your territories").grid(row=4, column = 1) 

    label_1 = Label (text = "player " + str(cur_player) + 
        " add army to one of your territories.").grid(row=4, column = 1) 


def army_board (territories): 
    global cur_player, player1_reserves, player2_reserves 
    buttonUk = Button(text = territories[0].country+ 
         " a= "+str(territories[0].current_armies) + 
         " p= "+str(territories[0].player), width = 16, 
         command=lambda: add_army(territories, 0)).grid(row=territories[0].y,column=territories[0].x) 

    buttonFRA = Button(text = territories[1].country+ 
         " a= "+str(territories[1].current_armies)+ 
         " p= "+str(territories[1].player), width = 16, 
         command=lambda: add_army(territories, 1)).grid(row=territories[1].y,column=territories[1].x) 

    buttonSpa = Button(text = territories[2].country+ 
         " a= "+str(territories[2].current_armies)+ 
         " p= "+str(territories[2].player), width = 16, 
         command=lambda: add_army(territories, 2)).grid(row=territories[2].y,column=territories[2].x) 

    buttonGER = Button(text = territories[3].country+ 
         " a= "+str(territories[3].current_armies)+ 
         " p= "+str(territories[3].player), width = 16, 
         command=lambda: add_army(territories, 3)).grid(row=territories[3].y,column=territories[3].x) 

    label = Label (text = "Place your armies").grid(row=4, column = 1, columnspan = 4) 

    label = Label (text = "Player " + str(cur_player) + 
        "     place a reserve     ").grid(row=5, column = 1, columnspan = 5) 

    if cur_player == 1: 
     reserves = player1_reserves 
    else: 
     reserves = player2_reserves 

    label = Button (text = "Player " + str(cur_player) + 
        " you have " + str(reserves) + 
      " reserves to place").grid(row=5, column = 1, columnspan = 4) 

    print("Player " + str(cur_player) + 
        " you have " + str(reserves) + 
      " reserves to place") 


def play_board (territories): 
    global cur_player, attacker, defender, message 
    buttonUk = Button(text = territories[0].country+ 
         " a= "+str(territories[0].current_armies) + 
         " p= "+str(territories[0].player), 
         width = 16, command=lambda: run_game(territories, 0)).grid(row=territories[0].y,column=territories[0].x) 

    buttonFRA = Button(text = territories[1].country+ 
         " a= "+str(territories[1].current_armies)+ 
         " p= "+str(territories[1].player), width = 16, command=lambda: run_game(territories, 1)).grid(row=territories[1].y,column=territories[1].x) 

    buttonSpa = Button(text = territories[2].country+ 
         " a= "+str(territories[2].current_armies)+ 
         " p= "+str(territories[2].player), width = 16, command=lambda: run_game(territories, 2)).grid(row=territories[2].y,column=territories[2].x) 

    buttonGER = Button(text = territories[3].country+ 
         " a= "+str(territories[3].current_armies)+ 
         " p= "+str(territories[3].player), width = 16, command=lambda: run_game(territories, 3)).grid(row=territories[3].y,column=territories[3].x) 

    label = Label (text = "Now it is time to wage war").grid(row=4, column = 1) 

    label = Button (text = message).grid(row=5, column = 1) 
    print(message) 


##Game Sections 

def claim_territory (territory): 
    global claimed, title 
    window = Tk() 
    window.title ("Domination") 
    if claimed != len(territory): 
     claim_board(territory) 
    else: 
     window.destroy() 
    window.mainloop() 

## Global Variables 
territories = create_territories() 
cur_player = 1 
player1_reserves = 1 
player2_reserves = 1 
claimed = 0 
attacker = "" 
defender = "" 
message = "Player " + str(cur_player) + " Select a location to attack from" 
attack_defend = "attack" 


## Running of Game 

claim_territory(territories) 

Answer 1

당신은 인스턴스화 된 Button 후 버튼 속성 중 하나를 업데이트 할 Tkinkter 라이브러리에 Button 클래스의 config 방법을 사용할 수 있습니다.

http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/button.htm#Tkinter.Button.config-method