Springboot junit 테스트에서 충족되지 않은 종속성 예외

Question

스프링 부트 1.5.9를 사용 중입니다. 다음 디렉토리 구조를 가진 간단한 스프링 - 부트 애플리케이션을 만들었습니다.

LibraryService.java

저장소 인터페이스를 autowires하고 도서관에 책을 저장하는 방법이있다. 내가 제대로 주입되지 찾아서 나는 만족 종속 예외가 테스트 클래스에 LibraryService를 autowire하기 때

LibraryService.java 아래

@Service 
public class LibraryService { 
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LibraryService.class);  

    @Autowired 
    BookRepository bookRepository; 

    public void save(Book book){ 
    bookRepository.save(book); 
    } 

    public long count(){ 
    return bookRepository.count(); 
    } 
} 

는 BookRepository 인터페이스

public interface BookRepository extends MongoRepository<Book, String> { } 

입니다. LibraryServiceTest 클래스

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@SpringBootTest 
@DataMongoTest 
public class LibraryServiceTest { 

@Autowired 
LibraryService libraryService; 

@Test 
public void testSave(){ 
Book aBook = new Book("Harry Potter" , "J. K. Rowling"); 
libraryService.save(aBook); 
assertEquals(1, libraryService.count());; 
} 
} 

입니다 다음 내가 테스트 클래스에 @MockBean 대신 @Autowired을 시도하고도 예외 없었다하지만 저장소 인스턴스가 실패 할 테스트를 결과하는 null로 평가 하였다. junit을 사용할 때 종속성을 주입하는 올바른 방법은 무엇입니까?

2017-12-31 09:48:00.112 ERROR 57648 --- [   main] 
o.s.test.context.TestContextManager  : Caught exception while allowing 
TestExecutionListener 
[org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@32464a14] to prepare test instance [com.example.demo.service.LibraryServiceTest@56193c7d] 

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.example.demo.service.LibraryServiceTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'libraryService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.example.demo.service.LibraryService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:588) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:366) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1264) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:386) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:118) ~[spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) ~[spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:44) ~[spring-boot-test-autoconfigure-1.5.9.RELEASE.jar:1.5.9.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:230) ~[spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:228) [spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287) [spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) [spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:247) [spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94) [spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) [spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191) [spring-test-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86) [.cp/:na] 
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) [.cp/:na] 
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) [.cp/:na] 
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675) [.cp/:na] 
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) [.cp/:na] 
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) [.cp/:na] 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.example.demo.service.LibraryService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1493) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1104) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1066) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:585) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE] 
... 29 common frames omitted 

Answer 1

the documentation에서 : 전형적인 MongoDB를 시험에 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)와 함께 사용할 수 있습니다

주석에 이어

는

편집

스택 추적입니다. 테스트가 만을 MongoDB 구성 요소에 집중할 때 사용할 수 있습니다.

이 주석을 사용하면 완전 자동 구성이 비활성화되고 대신 MongoDB 테스트와 관련된 구성 만 적용됩니다.

따라서 스프링 컨텍스트에서 서비스가 제외됩니다 (어쨌든 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)으로 주석되어야 함).

Mongo 리포지토리를 테스트 할 때 사용하십시오. 서비스를 테스트하려면 저장소를 모방합니다 (이것이 DI가 처음부터 유용한 이유입니다). 그리고 조롱 된 저장소에서 서비스 내부의 비즈니스 로직을 테스트합니다.